Harold C. Ward Jr., CPA, PC

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Planning Tools

Knowledge to act. We want to help provide you with the tools you need to start making informed decisions right here on our site. Take a look at the articles, FAQs and Java calculators we've provided here and when you are ready to take that next step, contact us to set up an appointment. Our friendly financial professionals will guide you to a financial move that makes sense for your individual needs.

 
Business Owner
 Articles
  Benefits and retirement plans
   Benefit plans for small businesses
   Disability income insurance for the self-employed
   Group health insurance: a valued employee benefit
   Group term life insurance
   Health insurance for the self-employed
   Key employee life and disability insurance
   Life insurance for the self-employed
   Offering group disability insurance
   Retirement plans for small businesses
   Split dollar insurance plans
   Understanding individual 401(k) plans
   What employers need to know about workers' compensation insurance
  Insuring a business
   Business automobile insurance basics
   Business interruption insurance
   Business liability insurance basics
   Business overhead expense insurance
   Commercial general liability
   Do you need crime insurance?
   Income tax tips: business insurance
   Insurance tips for business travelers
   Insuring your home business
   Professional liability coverage
   Properly insuring your business
   Should you self-insure your business?
   Understanding your business owners policy
   Why insure your business?
  Starting a business
   Advantages and disadvantages of self-employment
   Choosing an entity for your business
   Funding a business
   Hiring your first employee
   Qualifying for the home office deduction
   Record keeping for your own business
   Starting or buying a business
   Tax planning for the self-employed
  Transferring or selling a business
   Funding a buy-sell agreement with disability insurance
   Funding a buy-sell agreement with life insurance
   Transferring your family business
 Decision Tools
  Benefits and retirement plans
   401(k) plans
   Building a retirement plan for your business
   Comparison of types of educational assistance
   Individual 401(k) Illustration
  Business planning basics
   2003 numbers
   Net worth calculator
  Choosing an entity
   Choosing a business entity
   Comparison of LLCs, LLPs, and professional corporations
   How C Corporations, Limited Liability Companies, and Limited Liability Partnerships Protect Personal Assets
  Insurance planning
   Business life insurance needs
   Number of policies needed with a cross purchase plan
  Tax planning
   Accelerating deductions/postponing income
   Accelerating income/postponing deductions
  Transferring or selling a business
   Business succession planning alternatives
   Business succession strategy analyzer
   Buy-sell agreement analyzer
   Buy-sell planning questionnaire
   How cross purchase plans work
   How entity purchase plans work
   Planning for succession of a business interest
 FAQs
  Advertising a business
   How can I get free publicity for my business?
   How do I know where to advertise my business?
   What is the best form of advertising?
  Employee benefits and other issues
   How can I boost the morale of my employees without incurring huge expenses?
   How can I find good employees for my business?
   What are health reimbursement arrangements?
   What are incentive stock options (ISOs)?
   What benefits should I offer to my employees?
  Home-based businesses
   Can I deduct home office expenses?
   If I work at home occasionally, am I entitled to a home office deduction?
  Incorporating a business
   Can I change my business from a C corporation to an S corporation?
   Can I change my business from an S corporation to a C corporation?
   Should I incorporate my business?
  Insurance coverage
   A cell phone and laptop computer owned by my company were inside my briefcase when it was stolen. Will my company's insurance cover the loss?
   Can I get disability insurance if I'm self-employed?
   I drive my own car on company business. Whose insurance will pay for damages if I get into an accident?
   I own a business. Are there any creative ways I can use life insurance in my business?
   I use my laptop computer for my home business. Is it covered under my homeowners policy?
   I'm an independent contractor. Where can I get health and disability insurance?
   I'm thinking about opening a day-care business in my home. Does this raise any insurance issues?
   What is errors and omissions insurance?
   What is stop-loss insurance?
   What kind of insurance coverage do I need for my small business?
  Noncompetition agreements
   I am buying a business. Can I make the seller sign a noncompetition agreement?
   My employer wants me to sign a noncompetition agreement. What is it? Is it legally binding?
   Why does the buyer of my business want me to sign a noncompetition agreement?
  Partnerships
   How does a limited partnership work?
  Raising capital
   Can I borrow money from my wholly owned business?
   How can I raise capital for my business?
  Starting a business
   Don't most small businesses fail?
   How do I find good advisors such as lawyers and accountants to help with my business?
   Is buying a franchise a good way to get into business?
   Should I buy an existing business or start from scratch?
   Should I buy or lease assets for my business?
   What are the stages of business development?
   What should I look for in a business location?
  Transferring or selling a business
   Can I transfer my business through my will?
   How can I keep my business in the family?
   What are some financing options for selling my business?
   What is a buy-sell agreement?
   What is a family limited partnership, and will it help reduce estate taxes?
  Valuing a business
   How can I determine what my business is worth for estate and gift tax purposes?
 
Education Planning
 Articles
  529 plans
   529 plans and financial aid eligibility
   529 plans vs. other college savings options
   529 plans: The ins and outs of contributions and withdrawals
   Choosing a state savings plan
   Estate planning and 529 plans
   Income tax planning and 529 plans
   Making changes to your 529 account
   Opening a 529 account
   The ABCs of 529 plans
  Education planning basics
   ABCs of financial aid
   Can I afford to send my child to college?
   Education tax credits
   Finding money to pay college bills out of pocket
   Going back to school as an adult
   Health insurance for college students
   Helping your child make the transition from high school to college
   How student loans impact your credit
   Research tips when choosing a college
   Saving for retirement and a child's education at the same time
   Sticker shock--creative ways to lower the cost of college
   Student loan basics
   The best ways to save for college
   The college application process
 Decision Tools
  529 plans
   529 plans vs. Coverdell education savings accounts
   529 plans: advisor-sold state savings plans
   529 plans: direct-sold state savings plans
   529 plans: prepaid tuition plans
   State savings plan nonqualified withdrawals calculator
   State savings plans vs. prepaid tuition plans
  Determining how much to save for college
   College savings analyzer
   Finding the funds to pay for a college education
   Higher education figures at-a-glance
  Evaluating college savings options
   Advantages and disadvantages of 529 plans
   Advantages and disadvantages of Coverdell education savings accounts
   Advantages and disadvantages of custodial accounts for college savings
   Advantages and disadvantages of U.S. savings bonds for college savings
   College funding options analyzer
   College savings vehicles compared
  Financial aid
   College application and financial aid calendar
   Comparison of federal higher education loans
   Financial aid calendar
  Tax issues
   Comparison of education tax credits and deductions
   Qualified education expenses defined
   Summary of tax-advantaged college savings options
 FAQs
  529 plan basics
   Do 529 plans include both state savings plans and prepaid tuition plans?
   How long have 529 plans been around?
   How many states currently have 529 plans?
   What can you tell me about employer-sponsored 529 plans?
   What is the Independent 529 Plan?
   What's the difference between state savings plans and prepaid tuition plans?
   Who can legally offer 529 plans?
   Why are these plans referred to as "529" plans?
  529 plan expenses and fees
   Do 529 plan expenses vary among states?
   What expenses and fees are generally associated with 529 plans?
  529 plans and financial aid
   How will my 529 account be treated for financial aid purposes?
   I opened a state savings plan account for my grandchild many years ago, and he's now filling out financial aid applications. Do his parents need to list the value of the account in their assets, or does my grandchild list the value of the account as his asset?
  529 plans vs. other ways to save for college
   How does a 529 plan compare with a Coverdell education savings account?
   How does a 529 plan compare with an UGMA/UTMA custodial account in my child's name?
   How does a 529 plan compare with investing in a mutual fund in my name?
   How does a 529 plan compare with using U.S. savings bonds for college expenses?
  529 plans: Changing plans (rollover)
   Can I move funds from my Coverdell education savings account to a 529 plan?
   Can I roll over my existing 529 account to another state's 529 plan without penalty?
   Does it make sense to cash in my prepaid tuition plan and contribute the money to a state savings plan instead?
  529 plans: Choosing or changing a beneficiary or account owner
   Can a 529 account have more than one beneficiary?
   Can I change the beneficiary of a 529 account?
   Can I open a 529 account and name myself as beneficiary?
   Is there an age limit on who can be a beneficiary of a 529 plan?
   Under what circumstances can the account owner of a 529 plan be changed?
   Who can be a beneficiary of a 529 plan?
  529 plans: Death of account owner or beneficiary
   If I am the account owner when I die, will the value of my 529 account be included in my estate?
   What happens if I open a 529 account for my child and then I die--who would control the account?
   What happens if the beneficiary of the 529 account dies?
  529 plans: Making contributions
   Can contributions to a 529 plan be directly debited from my checking account?
   Can I contribute my own stocks and bonds to the 529 account I've set up for my child?
   Can I make contributions to a 529 account and a Coverdell education savings account in the same year for the same beneficiary?
   Can I transfer my child's UGMA/UTMA custodial account to a 529 plan?
   How much can I invest in a 529 plan?
   How often can I make contributions to my child's 529 account?
   I'm putting money into a 529 plan for my grandchild. But are the 529 assets subject to Medicaid spend-down requirements?
   Should I invest a lump sum, or is there a way to use dollar cost averaging when investing in a state savings plan?
  529 plans: Tax issues
   Can I deduct my contributions to my 529 account?
   Can I use 529 funds to pay my child's college expenses in the same year I take either the Hope credit or the Lifetime Learning credit?
   How does the annual gift tax exclusion apply to contributions to a 529 plan?
   I intend to make tuition payments directly to my grandchild's college, and I know this will reduce my estate. But would it be better to contribute to a 529 plan instead?
   I know that qualified withdrawals from state savings plans are now exempt from federal income tax. But what about state taxes?
   I opened a 529 plan and my child is the beneficiary. If my mother makes a contribution to the plan, is that considered a gift to me or to my child?
   I opened a state savings plan sponsored by a different state than my own. Will I get that state's tax benefits?
   I'd like to make a lump-sum contribution to my grandchild's 529 account. Will I owe gift tax?
   If I cash in Series EE U.S. savings bonds I purchased 10 years ago and contribute the proceeds to a 529 plan, can I still avoid paying tax on the proceeds?
   The Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 contains sunset provisions. Should I be worried about this?
   Will I be penalized if the money in my 529 plan isn't used for college expenses?
   Will I pay income tax when the money in my 529 plan is withdrawn to pay for college expenses?
   Will the value of my 529 account be included in my estate or my beneficiary's estate?
  Applying to college
   How many colleges should my child apply to?
   When are college applications due?
  Borrowing against your 529 account
   Can I use the money in my 529 account as security if I apply for a loan?
   I know I can borrow against my 401(k), but can I borrow against the value of my 529 account?
  Choosing a 529 plan
   Can I invest in any state's 529 plan, or am I limited to my own state's plan?
   How do I know whether to choose a state savings plan or a prepaid tuition plan?
   I've decided on a state savings plan, but how do I go about choosing one?
  College costs
   Are there any ways to lower the cost of college?
   What expenses are included in the annual cost of college?
   What is the college inflation rate?
  College students and insurance
   My child is heading off to college this fall. What insurance issues does this raise?
  Education tax credits
   Now that my child is in college, am I entitled to any education tax credits?
   What are the Hope credit and the Lifetime Learning credit?
  Financial aid
   Are any financial aid programs tailored especially to parents of post-secondary students?
   Are there any assets that are not counted for financial aid purposes?
   Can an UGMA/UTMA account reduce my child's financial aid for college?
   Can anyone get a Pell Grant?
   Can we negotiate our child's financial aid award?
   Do colleges offer financial aid?
   How can my child find scholarships for college?
   How do I apply for financial aid?
   How do I know if I'm eligible for federal financial aid?
   How does the federal financial aid process work?
   Is there anything I can do now so that my child can obtain more financial aid later?
   What are the major federal financial aid loan programs?
   What happens if our child's college does not give us all the financial aid we need?
   What is a Stafford Loan?
  Opening a 529 account
   Are there rules on who can open a 529 account?
   Can a non-U.S. citizen open a 529 account?
   Can I open a 529 account for a nonrelative?
   Can I open a 529 account in anticipation of my future grandchild?
   Can I open a 529 plan with a lump sum?
   Can more than one account be opened for the same child?
   Can my spouse and I open a joint 529 account for our child?
   Does it make sense to open a 529 account if my child is only two years away from college?
   How do I enroll in a state's 529 plan?
   I have two children. Should I open one account for both children or one account for each child?
   If I open a 529 account, will my child's choice of college be restricted?
   Is there an income limit on who can open an account?
   What happens if I open a 529 plan in one state and then move to another state?
  Paying for college
   I've heard that a grandparent can pay a grandchild's tuition directly to the college without any gift tax problems. Is this true?
   Should I take out a home equity loan to pay for my child's tuition?
   Should I use my 401(k) to fund my child's college education?
   Should I withdraw money from my IRA to pay for my child's college tuition?
  Saving for college
   Are government savings bonds risk free?
   Are savings bonds a good way to save?
   Are state savings plans a good way to save for college?
   Can an UGMA/UTMA account reduce my child's financial aid for college?
   Do series EE bonds offer any special advantages if used for college savings?
   Help! My child is only two years away from college and we haven't saved much. What should we do?
   How can I save for my child's college education?
   How can we possibly save for retirement and our child's college education at the same time?
   Should I establish a trust for my child's college education fund?
   Should I open a Coverdell education savings account?
   Should I save for college in my name or my child's name?
   What are the rules for Coverdell education savings accounts?
   What is the CollegeSure CD?
  Selecting a college
   How should my child go about selecting a college?
  Student loans
   Are my student loan payments tax deductible?
   Can I refinance my student loan?
   How will I ever pay off my student loans?
   I'm having trouble paying my student loans. What should I do?
   Is student loan interest deductible?
   Should I pay off my student loans early with a home equity loan?
  Understanding 529 investments
   Does a state savings plan allow me to choose my own investments?
   Is my rate of return guaranteed under a 529 plan?
   What recourse do I have if I'm unhappy with my state savings plan's investment performance?
   What's the difference between how a state savings plan invests and how a prepaid tuition plan invests?
  Using or withdrawing 529 funds
   Can 529 funds be used for general living expenses while at college?
   Can the funds in a 529 plan be used for college expenses if my child is only attending part-time?
   How do I prove that a distribution request is for my child's college expenses and not for some other purpose?
   Must the funds in a 529 plan be used for tuition only, or can they be used for room and board expenses?
   My child got a full scholarship to college--now what?
   My child is the beneficiary of a 529 plan. Can he use the 529 funds at a foreign school?
   My child is the beneficiary of a 529 plan. Can he use the 529 funds for graduate school?
   My child is the beneficiary of a 529 plan. Can he use the 529 funds for vocational school?
   My child is the beneficiary of a 529 plan. Can we use the 529 funds for her private elementary or secondary school?
   My child will be going to college next year and using 529 funds to pay expenses--what do I need to do?
   What happens if I need to use the funds in a 529 plan before my child goes to college?
   What happens if I open a 529 account for my child, and she later becomes disabled and doesn't go to college?
   What happens if my child finishes college and there is money left over in the 529 account?
   What happens to my 529 plan if my child wants to postpone going to college for a year or two after high school?
   What happens to the funds in my 529 account if my child doesn't go to college?
 
Estate Planning
 Articles
  Assets
   Asset protection in estate planning
   Estate planning and 529 plans
   Transferring your family business
  Beneficiary designations
   Choosing a beneficiary for your IRA or 401(k)
   Designating a beneficiary for life insurance
  Charitable giving
   Charitable giving
   Life insurance and charitable giving
  Estate planning basics
   Estate planning--an introduction
   Facing the possibility of incapacity
   Gift and estate taxes
   Trust basics
   Wills--the cornerstone of your estate plan
  Life insurance
   Life insurance and estate planning
   Life insurance and terminal illness
   Life insurance: do you need it?
   Planning ahead for life insurance proceeds
   The ins and outs of policy ownership
  Medicaid planning
   Medicaid and nursing home care
   Medicaid and the principal residence
   Medicaid planning basics
  Probate
   Bypassing probate
   Understanding probate
 Decision Tools
  Business planning
   Business life insurance needs
   Business succession planning alternatives
   Choosing a business entity
   How cross purchase plans work
   How entity purchase plans work
   Number of policies needed with a cross purchase plan
   Planning for succession of a business interest
  Charitable giving
   How a charitable lead trust works
   How a charitable remainder trust works
   The best property to give to charity
  Estate planning basics
   529 Plan Federal estate tax calculator
   529 Plan Federal estate tax calculator - (Consumer Version)
   Common incapacity documents
   Estate shrinkage
   Federal estate tax estimator
   Federal transfer tax exemption amounts under the Tax Act of 2001
   Steps to estate planning success
   Table of federal estate tax brackets and exemption limits
  Life insurance
   Life insurance needs analyzer
  Probate
   The probate process: 3 to 9 months after death
   The probate process: 9 to 12 months after death
   The probate process: initial tasks
   Types of post-mortem elections
  Trusts
   Advantages of trusts
   How a grantor retained income trust (GRIT) works
   How an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT) works
   How an irrevocable trust protects assets
 FAQs
  Estate and gift tax
   How can I determine what my business is worth for estate and gift tax purposes?
   How can I minimize taxes on my estate?
   How will estate taxes be paid if I leave no provision in my will?
   I intend to make tuition payments directly to my grandchild's college, and I know this will reduce my estate. But would it be better to contribute to a 529 plan instead?
   I just made a gift. Do I have to file a gift tax return?
   If I am the account owner when I die, will the value of my 529 account be included in my estate?
   The death benefit from insurance on my life will be paid to an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT). What if those funds are needed to pay my estate taxes?
   What is a family limited partnership, and will it help reduce estate taxes?
   What is the applicable exclusion amount?
   Will the value of my 529 account be included in my estate or my beneficiary's estate?
  Estate planning basics
   How often do I need to review my estate plan?
   Isn't estate planning only for the rich?
   What makes up my taxable estate?
  Life insurance and estate planning
   Are life insurance proceeds income taxable?
   The death benefit from insurance on my life will be paid to an irrevocable life insurance trust (ILIT). What if those funds are needed to pay my estate taxes?
   What is a life insurance trust and why should I consider establishing one?
   When I die, is my beneficiary required to take a lump-sum payment of my life insurance death benefit?
   Will my beneficiaries have to pay taxes on the proceeds of my life insurance policy?
  Planning for incapacity
   What is an advanced directive for health care, and will it help me avoid court involvement during incapacity?
   What is the difference between a power of attorney and a durable power of attorney?
  Probate
   Does property owned jointly avoid probate?
   What is probate and why do I want to avoid it?
  Trusts
   Can an UGMA/UTMA account reduce my child's financial aid for college?
   Should I establish a trust for my child's college education fund?
   What is a Crummey power?
   What is a life insurance trust and why should I consider establishing one?
   What is a living trust?
  Wills
   Can I disinherit relatives I don't like?
   Can I transfer my business through my will?
   Do I have to accept a bequest I don't want?
   Do I need an attorney to prepare my will?
   How will estate taxes be paid if I leave no provision in my will?
   I want my son to have my valuable collection of baseball cards when I die. How do I make sure he gets it?
   What is the difference between a living will and a living trust?
   What will happen if I die without a will?
   Who should I name as guardian of my children in case my spouse and I should die at the same time?
   Who should I name as trustee?
 
Government Benefits
 Articles
  Medicare and Medicaid
   Coordinating long-term care insurance with government benefits
   Health insurance in retirement
   Medicaid and nursing home care
   Medicaid and the principal residence
   Medicaid planning basics
   Medicare
  Other government benefits
   Government-sponsored disability insurance programs
   Receiving unemployment benefits
   What employers need to know about workers' compensation insurance
  Social Security
   Social Security disability benefits
   Social Security retirement benefits
   Social Security survivor's benefits
   Understanding Social Security
 Decision Tools
  Medicare and Medicaid
   Medicaid eligibility for nursing home care
   Medicare figures at-a-glance
   Medicare, Medigap, and Medicaid
  Social Security
   Disability income needs worksheet
   How earnings affect Social Security
   Social Security disability insurance (SSDI): awards and applications illustrator
   Social Security figures at-a-glance
   Sources of retirement income: filling the Social Security gap
   What are your chances of becoming disabled?
 FAQs
  Medicare and Medicaid
   How do I enroll in Medicare?
   How does Medicare Advantage work?
   I'm putting money into a 529 plan for my grandchild. But are the 529 assets subject to Medicaid spend-down requirements?
   I'm thinking about placing my mother in a nursing home. Will Medicaid pay for her care?
   If I'm covered by Medicare, should I have additional health insurance?
  Military benefits
   Can I be buried in a national cemetery even though I got out of the Army years ago?
  Social Security
   Are my Social Security benefits subject to income tax?
   Does my 16-year-old have to pay Social Security tax on her earnings?
   How can I get an estimate of my Social Security benefits?
   How do I get disability benefits from Social Security?
   I'm getting remarried. How will this affect my Social Security benefits?
   My husband and I are divorcing after 30 years of marriage. Will I still be able to receive Social Security retirement benefits based on his earnings record after our divorce?
   Should I retire now at age 62 and collect Social Security benefits, or should I wait until age 65?
   What happens if I start collecting Social Security after age 65?
   What is SSI?
   When do I have to apply for a Social Security number for my newborn?
   When I retire, how much will I receive from Social Security?
   Will my children receive money from Social Security when I die?
 
Investment Planning
 Articles
  Choosing investment vehicles
   Annuity basics
   Creating an investment portfolio
   Investing in bonds
   Investing in stocks
   Mutual fund basics
   Other investments
   The best ways to save for college
   Understanding mutual fund share classes
  Investment basics
   Handling market volatility
   Investment planning--the basics
   Six keys to successful investing
   Taxation of investments
   Understanding investment terms and concepts
   Understanding risk
  Investment goals
   Asset Allocation
   Can I afford to send my child to college?
   Common investment goals
   Dollar cost averaging
   Retirement planning--the basics
 Decision Tools
  Creating an investment portfolio
   Annuities
   Asset allocation pie chart illustrator
   Building an investment portfolio
   College funding options analyzer
   Common types of mutual funds
   Exchange traded funds and mutual funds compared
   Investing for retirement
   Major asset classes
  Investment planning basics
   Common investment mistakes to avoid
   Consumer price index inflation calculator
   Growth of annual deposits calculator
   Investor Profile and Asset Allocation Calculator
   Simple rules for investing
   Steps to financial planning success
  Taxes
   Capital gains and dividends tax relief
   Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003: Highlights
 FAQs
  Creating an investment portfolio
   Does a state savings plan allow me to choose my own investments?
   How aggressive should I be when I invest for retirement?
   How do I construct an investment portfolio that's right for me?
   How long should I hang on to an investment?
   How much of my portfolio should I keep in stocks?
   How should I structure my retirement portfolio?
   What recourse do I have if I'm unhappy with my state savings plan's investment performance?
   What's the difference between how a state savings plan invests and how a prepaid tuition plan invests?
  Investing basics
   How can I gauge my risk tolerance?
   Is there any type of insurance that can protect against losses from investments?
   Should I invest my extra cash or use it to pay off debt?
   What is asset allocation and how does it work?
   What is dollar cost averaging and how do I know if it's right for me?
   What's the difference between growth investing and value investing?
  Mutual funds
   How does a 529 plan compare with investing in a mutual fund in my name?
   Is it better to invest in a tax-free or a taxable mutual fund?
   Should I invest in mutual funds or individual securities?
   What is a mutual fund prospectus and how do I read it?
   What is the difference between an open-end and a closed-end mutual fund?
  Savings bonds
   Are government savings bonds risk free?
   Are savings bonds a good way to save?
   Do series EE bonds offer any special advantages if used for college savings?
  Stocks
   Should I invest in mutual funds or individual securities?
   Should I work with a stockbroker to buy individual stocks?
   What are DRIPs?
   What is a stock split?
   Who do I call if I have a complaint about my stockbroker?
  Taxes
   How did the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 change capital gains tax rates?
   I have investment property. What does basis mean, and how do I determine the basis of my property?
   Will I have to pay tax on my investment income?
 
Personal Finance
 Articles
  Buying a car
   ABCs of auto insurance
   Buying a car
   GAP insurance
   How safe is that new car?
  Financial basics
   Establishing a budget
   Getting started: establishing a financial safety net
   Working with a financial advisor
  Managing credit and debt
   Choosing a credit card
   Contemplating bankruptcy
   Credit traps for the unwary
   Debt consolidation
   How student loans inpact your credit
   Understanding your credit report
  Owning a home
   Applying for a mortgage
   Buying a home
   Buying a home both you and your insurer will love
   Opening the door to homeowners insurance
   Refinancing your mortgage
   Selling a home
   Tapping the equity in your home
   Tax benefits of home ownership
   Your home as a source of dollars in retirement
 Decision Tools
  Owning a car
   Auto insurance analyzer
   Auto loan payment calculator
   How to save money on your auto insurance
   Should you buy or lease your car?
  Owning a home
   Homeowners insurance quiz
   How to save money on your homeowners insurance
   Is my home mortgage interest fully deductible?
   Less common mortgage options
   Mortgage payment calculator
   Popular types of mortgages
   Should you refinance your mortgage?
  Saving, spending, and borrowing
   Consumer price index inflation calculator
   Credit cards--advantages vs. disadvantages
   Deciding which credit card to get
   Growth of annual deposits calculator
   Loan amortization calculator
   Net worth calculator
   Personal cash flow worksheet
 FAQs
  Bankruptcy
   Can I buy a house even though I declared bankruptcy?
   I can't pay my bills. Should I declare bankruptcy?
   What's the difference between Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy?
  Buying a home
   Can I buy a house even though I declared bankruptcy?
   Can I buy a house with no money down?
   How much house can I afford?
   How much money do I have to put down to buy a house?
   Should I buy a home or continue renting?
   Should my partner and I buy a house together even though we're not married?
   We just bought our first home. What can we deduct from the settlement statement?
   What is involved in buying a house that's for sale by owner?
   What's the Homestead Act?
  Buying, selling, or leasing a car
   How much will my monthly car payment be?
   Is there any way to get out of a car lease?
   Should I buy or lease a car?
   Should I pay cash for a car or finance it?
  Credit basics
   How can I correct errors on my credit report?
   How can I figure out my net worth?
   How can I get credit if I have no credit history?
   How can I protect myself against identity theft?
   How can I reduce my spending?
   How can I repair my poor credit?
   How do I get a copy of my credit report?
   How long should I keep copies of my tax returns?
   How much money should I keep in a savings account for emergencies?
   I can't pay my bills. Should I declare bankruptcy?
   Should I invest my extra cash or use it to pay off debt?
   Will debt consolidation hurt or help my credit rating?
  Credit cards
   How can I lower the interest rate on my credit card?
   How can I pay off my credit card debt?
   I get a lot of credit card offers. How can I tell which one is best?
   I've finally paid off my credit cards. Should I close the accounts or leave them open with zero balances?
  Mortgages
   Can I use a piggyback mortgage as an alternative to private mortgage insurance?
   Can my mortgage lender require me to have an escrow account?
   I am behind on my mortgage payments. Will my lender begin foreclosure proceedings?
   I'm a first-time homebuyer, and I don't have a lot of cash to put down on a house. What type of mortgage would be best for me?
   I'm having a hard time selling my home. Should I take out a reverse mortgage?
   My mortgage includes a statement that a penalty may be imposed for early payoff. What does that mean?
   Should I choose a mortgage with no points and pay a higher interest rate, or should I put money toward points to lower the interest rate on a mortgage?
   Should I pay off my student loans early with a home equity loan?
   Should I take out a home equity loan to pay for my child's tuition?
   What are the advantages of making biweekly mortgage payments?
   What's involved in getting a VA mortgage?
   What's the difference between a home equity line of credit and a second mortgage?
   Which mortgage is better--fixed rate or adjustable?
   Why do I have to purchase homeowners insurance in order to obtain a mortgage?
  Private mortgage insurance
   Can I use a piggyback mortgage as an alternative to private mortgage insurance?
   What's private mortgage insurance , and can my mortgage lender require me to have it?
  Refinancing a mortgage
   Do I need to let my homeowners insurance company know that I'm refinancing a mortgage?
   I refinanced my principal home last year and paid points. What are points, and can I deduct them on my tax return?
   Should I refinance my home mortgage?
  Selling a home
   How do I figure the tax on the sale of my home?
   I'm having a hard time selling my home. Should I take out a reverse mortgage?
   I'm retired now and own my home outright, but I need money to live on. How can I use my home to raise some money without selling it?
   Should I sell or rent out my present home?
  Spousal credit issues
   Am I liable for my spouse's debts?
   I'm marrying someone with bad credit. How will this affect me?
   Should I open a joint checking account with my spouse?
   What's the difference between an "injured spouse" and an "innocent spouse"?
 
Protection Planning
 Articles
  Annuities
   Annuities and retirement planning
   Annuities: traps for the unwary
   Annuity basics
   Annuity distributions
   Fixed annuity contracts
   Funding an annuity: what are the options?
   Guaranteed annuity contracts
   Qualified and nonqualified annuities
   Shopping for an annuity
   Tax planning for annuities
   Tax-deferred annuities: are they right for you?
   Variable annuities
   What are annuity subaccounts?
  Automobile insurance
   ABCs of auto insurance
   Auto accident checklist
   Auto insurance for 20-somethings
   Auto insurance for the hard-to-insure
   Baby on board: keeping your child safe in the car
   Buying a new car? Asking these questions might save you money on your auto insurance
   Comparing auto insurance policies
   Dealing with the damage: the auto repair process
   Deer and moose are deadly road hazards
   Driving defensively at any age
   Filing an auto insurance claim
   Five ways to fight auto insurance fraud
   GAP insurance
   How automobile insurance premiums are determined
   How much auto insurance coverage do you need?
   How safe is that new car?
   Insuring a teenage driver
   Insuring your boat
   Insuring your personal watercraft
   Insuring your snowmobile and ATV
   Is your teen ready to drive?
   Lawsuits: what every driver needs to know
   Liability coverage under your personal auto insurance policy
   Medical payments coverage
   Motorcycle insurance
   No-fault insurance
   Policy options
   Preventing car theft
   Rental car insurance
   Shopping for auto insurance
   State-by-state minimum coverage requirements
   Tax planning tips: auto insurance
   Understanding your personal automobile policy
   Uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage
   Who's covered under your auto insurance policy?
   Will your auto insurance premiums go up after an auto accident?
  Business insurance
   Business automobile insurance basics
   Business interruption insurance
   Business liability insurance basics
   Business overhead expense insurance
   Commercial general liability
   Disability income insurance for the self-employed
   Do you need crime insurance?
   Funding a buy-sell agreement with disability insurance
   Funding a buy-sell agreement with life insurance
   Group health insurance: a valued employee benefit
   Group term life insurance
   Health insurance for the self-employed
   Income tax tips: business insurance
   Insurance tips for business travelers
   Insuring your home business
   Key employee life and disability insurance
   Life insurance for the self-employed
   Offering group disability insurance
   Professional liability coverage
   Properly insuring your business
   Should you self-insure your business?
   Split dollar insurance plans
   Understanding your business owners policy
   What employers need to know about workers' compensation insurance
   Why insure your business?
  Disability insurance
   Beyond the basics: disability income insurance riders
   Comparing disability income insurance policies
   Disability income insurance: typical policy features
   Do you need disability income insurance?
   Government-sponsored disability insurance programs
   Group disability insurance
   How disability income insurance policies define disability
   How much disability income insurance should you have?
   Long-term vs. short-term disability income insurance
   Lowering the cost of disability insurance
   Noncancelable and guaranteed renewable policies
   Surviving the underwriting process for disability income insurance
   Tax planning tips: disability insurance
   The fundamentals of disability insurance
   Understanding waiting periods
   Where to get disability coverage
  General insurance topics
   Accidental death and dismemberment insurance
   Buying insurance: what savvy consumers should know
   Choosing an insurance provider
   Fighting insurance fraud
   Finding and using insurance company rating information
   Finding and working with an insurance agent or broker
   Handling a dispute with your insurance company
   Insurance concerns of divorcing couples
   Insurance contract basics
   Insurance needs in retirement
   Pet insurance
   Shopping for insurance
   Travel insurance
   Types of insurance
   Umbrella liability insurance
   Why buy insurance?
  Health insurance
   Alternative therapies
   Archer medical savings accounts
   Buying short-term health insurance
   Comparing health insurance plans
   Coping with medical bills
   Coping with rising prescription costs
   Dental insurance
   Getting health insurance when you're hard to insure
   Group health insurance
   Health insurance and COBRA: sometimes you can take it with you
   Health insurance and divorce
   Health insurance for college students
   Health insurance for travelers
   Health insurance in retirement
   Health insurance made simple
   HMOs and PPOs: what's the difference?
   Individual health insurance
   Limitations, exclusions, and riders
   Lowering the cost of health care
   Making the most of your group health benefits
   Mental health benefits
   Planning a family? Get to know your health insurance policy
   POS plans
   Prescription plans
   Preventing sports injuries
   Tax tips: health insurance
   Trends in managed care
   Understanding managed care
   Understanding your health insurance policy
   Vision care insurance
   Where to get health insurance
  Homeowners insurance
   Are you covered if . . .?
   Buying a home both you and your insurer will love
   Comparing homeowners policies
   Conducting a home inventory
   Earthquake insurance
   Filing a homeowners insurance claim
   Fire prevention and safety tips
   Flood insurance
   Home security tips
   How much homeowners insurance coverage should you have?
   How to save money on homeowners insurance
   Insuring a condo or co-op
   Insuring a manufactured home
   Insuring a new home during construction
   Insuring your home during remodeling
   Insuring your personal computer or laptop
   Insuring your vacation home
   Insuring your valuables
   Leaving your home alone for the winter
   Liability insurance under your homeowners policy
   Mold: are you covered?
   Natural disasters: are you prepared?
   Opening the door to homeowners insurance
   Renters insurance
   Shopping for homeowners insurance
   Tax tips: homeowners insurance
   Understanding your homeowners policy
   When homeowners are dogowners
   Who is covered under your homeowners policy?
   Windstorms, hurricanes, and tornadoes: are you covered?
   Winterizing your home
  Life insurance
   Cash value life insurance
   Claiming life insurance benefits
   Comparing life insurance policies
   Credit life insurance
   Designating a beneficiary for life insurance
   How does cash value in a life insurance policy really work?
   How much life insurance do you need?
   Life insurance and charitable giving
   Life insurance and estate planning
   Life insurance and terminal illness
   Life insurance at various life stages
   Life insurance basics
   Life insurance for children
   Life insurance: do you need it?
   Life insurance: the application process
   Making policy loans and withdrawals
   Planning ahead for life insurance proceeds
   Reading and understanding your life insurance policy
   Shopping for life insurance
   Surrendering your life insurance policy
   Tax planning tips: life insurance
   Term life insurance
   Term vs. cash value life insurance
   The ins and outs of policy ownership
   Traditional whole life insurance
   Types of life insurance policies
   Understanding insurance company illustrations
   Universal life insurance
   Variable life insurance
   Variable universal life insurance
   Viatical settlements
  Long-term care insurance
   Coordinating long-term care insurance with government benefits
   Do your parents need long-term care insurance?
   Five things to watch out for when buying long-term care insurance
   If long-term care insurance isn't right for you: other options
   Long-term care insurance: how does it work?
   Should you buy long-term care insurance?
   Tax tips: long-term care insurance
   Understanding long-term care insurance
   Understanding long-term care riders and options
   Using life insurance riders to pay for long-term care
   What do long-term care insurance policies cover?
 Decision Tools
  Annuities
   Advantages and disadvantages of tax-deferred fixed annuities
   Advantages and disadvantages of variable annuities
   Annuities
   Fixed vs. variable annuities
   How a fixed deferred annuity works
   How a variable annuity works
   Immediate vs. deferred annuities
   Understanding annuity expenses
  Automobile insurance
   Auto insurance analyzer
   How to save money on your auto insurance
  Business insurance
   Business life insurance needs
   How cross purchase plans work
   How entity purchase plans work
   How insurance preserves assets
   Number of policies needed with a cross purchase plan
  Disability insurance
   Disability insurance benefit period
   Disability insurance cost-of-living rider
   Disability insurance waiting period
   Disability insurance waiver of premiums
   How much disability insurance can you buy?
   Individual/group disability policy alternatives
   Likelihood of suffering a disability by age 50
   Noncancelable and guaranteed renewable disability policies
   Recurrent disability provision
   Residual and partial disability benefits
   When do you qualify for disability benefits?
  General insurance topics
   How insurance preserves assets
   Personal liability umbrella insurance
  Health insurance
   Comparison of typical health plans
   Which health plan is right for you?
  Homeowners insurance
   Disaster checklist
   Fall/winter home maintenance checklist
   Home inventory checklist
   Homeowners insurance quiz
   How to save money on your homeowners insurance
   Personal liability umbrella insurance
  Life insurance
   Advantages and disadvantages of cash value insurance
   Advantages and disadvantages of term insurance
   Comparison of level term and annual term premiums
   Comparison of men's and women's mortality
   Comparison of types of life insurance
   How insurance companies are rated
   How traditional whole life insurance works
   How universal life insurance works
   How variable universal life insurance works
   How variable whole life insurance works
   Life insurance needs analyzer
   Net worth calculator
   What is your life expectancy?
   What is your life insurance rating?
  Long-term care insurance
   Comparing long-term care insurance policies
   Inflation protection options
   What to avoid when buying a long-term care insurance policy
 FAQs
  Annuities
   Can I change my annuity for one with a better interest rate?
   I bought an annuity a few years ago, but I don't want it anymore. Is there a way to get rid of it?
   I can choose a single life annuity for my pension or a joint and survivor annuity that makes payments to my spouse when I die. Which is better?
   I'm confused--is an annuity an investment vehicle or an insurance policy?
   What is an annuity?
  Automobile insurance
   Another driver smashed my car, but he doesn't have insurance. How am I going to pay for the repairs?
   Do I need to get auto insurance before I buy a new car?
   Do I need to insure a car that's worth only a few hundred dollars?
   Do I need to provide credit information on my auto insurance application?
   Does my auto insurance policy cover flood damage?
   Does my auto insurance policy cover me on car trips outside the United States?
   Help! I forgot to pay my auto insurance premium last month. Will my insurance company cancel my policy?
   How can I find insurance for my sailboat?
   How can I reduce my auto insurance bill?
   How can I reduce the expense of insuring a teenage driver?
   How do I know if my auto insurance covers my broken windshield?
   I don't own a car, but occasionally I borrow my friend's car. Do I need my own auto insurance policy?
   I drive my own car on company business. Whose insurance will pay for damages if I get into an accident?
   I just had a car accident. How do I file a claim with my insurance company?
   I'm buying my first car. What should I look for in an insurance company?
   I'm considered a "risky driver." How can I get insurance?
   I'm considering leasing a car. Is there any special insurance I need?
   I'm traveling to Europe this summer and won't need my car. Can I get my auto insurance suspended to save money?
   I've found a better deal on auto insurance, but how hard is it to switch from one insurance company to another?
   If I let someone borrow my car, does my insurance policy still cover me?
   Is hail damage covered under a typical auto insurance policy?
   Is it true that some sport utility vehicles cost more to insure than others?
   Is there a minimum number of quotes I should get when shopping for an auto insurance policy?
   My car was totaled in an accident. Can I negotiate the settlement amount?
   My insurance company paid the bill for some body work done on my car after an accident, but I'm unhappy with the repair work. Is it too late to complain?
   My mother is 90. Is it OK for her to keep driving?
   Our daughter will be taking one of our family cars to college. Is this allowed under our auto insurance policy?
   Should I buy medical payments coverage?
   What are points, and do they affect my insurance rates?
   What is "no-fault" insurance?
   When I rent a car, should I purchase the collision damage waiver insurance that's offered to me?
   Why do I need to provide so much information when getting an auto insurance quote?
   Will my insurance premiums go up if I marry someone with a bad driving record?
  Business insurance
   A cell phone and laptop computer owned by my company were inside my briefcase when it was stolen. Will my company's insurance cover the loss?
   Can I get disability insurance if I'm self-employed?
   How can I get affordable health insurance if I'm self-employed?
   I own a business. Are there any creative ways I can use life insurance in my business?
   I use my laptop computer for my home business. Is it covered under my homeowners policy?
   I'm an independent contractor. Where can I get health and disability insurance?
   I'm thinking about opening a day-care business in my home. Does this raise any insurance issues?
   What is errors and omissions insurance?
   What is stop-loss insurance?
   What kind of insurance coverage do I need for my small business?
  Disability insurance
   Can I buy short-term disability coverage through my employer?
   Do I need disability insurance?
   Do long-term disability insurance premiums depend on the nature of my job?
   How can I reduce the cost of disability insurance?
   How do I apply for workers' compensation benefits?
   I broke my leg and can't work for two months. Am I entitled to file a disability claim with my employer?
   If I have long-term disability insurance coverage through my employer, do I need my own policy, too?
   Many years ago I was treated for cancer, but now it's in remission. Do I need to disclose this when I buy disability insurance?
   Will I have to pay life insurance premiums if I become disabled?
  General insurance topics
   Can I buy health insurance for my dog?
   How can I find insurance for my sailboat?
   How do I insure my coin collection?
   How long does an insurance company have to respond to a claim I've filed?
   I'm going on a cruise. Do I need trip interruption insurance?
   I'm looking for a job. How can I tell if an employer is offering a good insurance benefit package?
   Is there any type of insurance that can protect against losses from investments?
   My child is heading off to college this fall. What insurance issues does this raise?
   My cleaning person is bonded and insured. Is that important?
   Should I buy travel insurance?
   What are independent insurance agents?
   What is funeral insurance, and do I need it?
   What kind of insurance can I buy to cover my diamond engagement ring?
  Health insurance
   Can I see a specialist outside of my HMO provider network?
   Do I need cancer insurance?
   Does a typical dental insurance policy cover braces?
   Does my health insurance cover prescriptions filled by an on-line pharmacy?
   How can I get affordable health insurance if I'm self-employed?
   How long am I covered under my parents' health insurance policies?
   How much health insurance coverage do I need?
   I'll be changing jobs next month, and I'm pregnant. Will I qualify for health insurance coverage with my new employer?
   I'm planning on living in Europe for several months. Do I need special health insurance?
   If I leave my job, will I lose my employer-sponsored health insurance?
   If my employer goes out of business and discontinues its health insurance plan, am I still eligible for COBRA benefits?
   Is dental care covered under Medigap insurance?
   Is prescription drug coverage part of my medical coverage?
   My husband and I are getting divorced. How do we decide whose health insurance policy will cover the children?
   What are health reimbursement arrangements?
   What happens if my Medicare HMO goes out of business?
   What is critical illness insurance?
   What is Medigap?
   What is prescription insurance?
   What recourse do I have if my insurer will cover only the generic version of a drug my doctor has prescribed?
   What's the birthday rule all about?
   What's the difference between an HMO and a PPO?
   Which is better, an HMO or a PPO?
   Will Medicare alone be enough to cover my health-care needs in retirement?
   Will short-term health insurance cover all my medical expenses?
  Homeowners insurance
   A cell phone and laptop computer owned by my company were inside my briefcase when it was stolen. Will my company's insurance cover the loss?
   A plumber damaged my bathroom during a repair. Will my homeowners insurance cover the damage?
   A squirrel got into my home and caused a lot of damage. Is this covered by my homeowners insurance policy?
   Are hunting rifles covered under my homeowners insurance?
   Are manufactured homes safer these days?
   Can I save money on my homeowners insurance premium if I install a home security system?
   Do I need flood insurance if I buy a third-floor condo on the beach?
   Do I need flood insurance?
   Do I need title insurance if I'm buying a condominium?
   Do I need to let my homeowners insurance company know that I'm refinancing my mortgage?
   Does homeowners insurance cover losses that occur outside my home?
   Does my homeowners insurance cover what's in my yard?
   How can I insure my possessions during a move?
   How can I reduce the cost of my homeowners insurance?
   How do I determine how much renters insurance I need?
   How do I insure my historic home?
   I need to file a claim on my homeowners insurance. How do I do this?
   I use my laptop computer for my home business. Is it covered under my homeowners policy?
   I'm building a new home. Do I need to insure it while it's under construction? If so, how can I do this?
   I'm placing some items in a self-storage facility. Will they be covered under my homeowners insurance policy?
   I'm planning to add an in-law apartment to my home. How will this affect my homeowners insurance?
   I'm thinking about opening a day-care business in my home. Does this raise any insurance issues?
   I've just bought a pair of expensive skis. Will they be covered under my homeowners insurance?
   If I file repeated claims for flood damage, will my flood insurance premiums go up?
   If I move, do I need to get new homeowners insurance, or can I transfer my existing policy?
   If I rent my home, what are my insurance needs?
   If my home is completely destroyed by a storm, will my homeowners insurance cover my living expenses until I can rebuild?
   Is jewelry or art covered under my homeowners policy?
   Is landscaping covered under my homeowners insurance?
   My friend and I share an apartment. Will her renters policy cover my possessions?
   My house has appreciated in value over the past 10 years. Do I need more homeowners insurance?
   My neighbor's tree fell onto my property and ruined my shrubs. Whose insurance will cover the damage?
   My property is close to a river. Do I need flood insurance?
   My washing machine flooded our basement. Does my homeowners insurance cover this?
   The pipes in my condo burst, and the water damaged the condo below. Whose insurance will cover the damage?
   What is a hurricane deductible?
   Why do I have to purchase homeowners insurance in order to obtain a mortgage?
   Why is replacement cost coverage more expensive than actual cash value?
   Will I have trouble getting homeowners insurance if my dog has bitten someone in the past?
   Will my condo association's master policy cover my property?
  Life insurance
   Are withdrawals from a cash value life insurance policy ever tax free?
   Can an insurance company require me to submit to a medical exam before granting me a life insurance policy?
   Can I change the beneficiary on my life insurance policy? If so, how do I do it?
   Can I convert all or part of my term life insurance to permanent life insurance?
   Can I ever have too much life insurance?
   Can I use life insurance to help me save for retirement?
   Do I need life insurance if I'm single?
   Do I need to name a relative the beneficiary of my life insurance policy, or can I name a friend instead?
   How can an insurance company really tell if I smoke?
   How can I reduce the cost of life insurance?
   How do I decide if I should replace my existing life insurance policy with a new one?
   How much life insurance do I need?
   I have enough life insurance right now. But I might need more in the future if I decide to start a family. Will I be able to buy more later, even if I develop a medical condition?
   I smoke cigars occasionally, but not cigarettes. Will I be charged smokers' rates for life insurance?
   If I leave my company, can I take my life insurance policy with me?
   Is it less expensive to buy life insurance while I'm young?
   Is it possible to name a charity as the beneficiary of my life insurance policy?
   Is there any way I can use life insurance to help cover my expenses if I become terminally ill?
   Should I buy life insurance on my child?
   Should I buy term or cash value life insurance?
   Should I replace my permanent life insurance policy with another if I'm unhappy with the rate of return I'm getting?
   What are the pros and cons of buying life insurance through my employer rather than buying my own policy?
   What happens if my life insurance company files for bankruptcy?
   What is group life insurance?
   What is term life insurance?
   What is whole life insurance?
   When I die, is my beneficiary required to take a lump-sum payment of my life insurance death benefit?
   Why do I need life insurance?
   Why does an insurance company require an insurable interest before I buy a life insurance policy?
   Will I be taxed on the growth of the cash value of my life insurance? What if my policy pays dividends?
   Will my beneficiaries have to pay taxes on the proceeds of my life insurance policy?
  Long-term care insurance
   Is there such a thing as nursing home insurance?
   Should I buy long-term care insurance?
   What is long-term care insurance?
   What types of nursing care does long-term care insurance cover?
 
Retirement Planning
 Articles
  Health care issues
   Buying supplemental health insurance--Medigap
   Coordinating long-term care insurance with government benefits
   Health insurance in retirement
   Medicare
   Should you buy long-term care insurance?
   Understanding long-term care insurance
  Housing issues
   Housing options for older individuals
   Your home as a source of dollars in retirement
  Saving for retirement
   Annuities and retirement planning